Ano, hezký, vlastně hezké články obecně.
Ale tvrzení o přiměřenosti rizika mi připadají moc odvážná. Obvzlášť, když větší míru bezpečnosti zabezpečit lze.
Pěkně to vystihl Richard Faynmann v jedné ze svých knih, kde komentuje program raketoplánů jako člen komise pro vyšetřování katastrofy Challengeru. Raktoplán je uměle megalomanský projekt, jímž NASA reagovala na strach, že po zastavení měsíčního programu nebude mít moc do čeho píchnout (zparafrázoval jsem to).
Možnost přistávat jako letadlo vede k nutnosti tahat do kosmu navíc váhu křídel a přináší problémy s nutností pokrývat velký a složitě tvarovaný i namáhaný povrch tepelnou izolací (byť velmi lehkou a pokud funguje i účinnou). Otázkou je, kolikrát bylo plavné přistání na runway opravdu nutné z hlediska posádky či nákladu, dopravovaného zpět na zem a jestli by to vše nešlo dělat mnohem levněji a bez tolika nadbytečných technickcýh rizik. V tom je jádro mého příspěvku. Raketoplán má zbytečně komplikovaou technickou koncepci a tyto komplikce navíc jsou nejen, že zbytečně nákladné v konstrukci i provozu, ale též přinášejí zbytečné zvyšování pravděpodobnosti poruchy. Když to řeknu hodně ostře, raketoplán je už od začátku populisticky koncipovaný stroj a poměr cena-výkon-bezpečnost tím zbytečně trpí.
Díky za komenář s velmi zajímavým pohledem na věc. Kdesi jsem četl, že megalomanie projektu raketoplánu mohla být způsobena kromě populismu, také jeho využitím pro dopravu a opravy špionážních družic. O tom se ovšem asi moc nemluví.
No, měl jsem možnost (vzhledem ke svému věku) sledovat vývoj raketoplánu skoro od první studie. Pamatuju si, že tenkrát se hodně mluvilo o tom, že kosmonautika potřebuje NUTNĚ protředek pro zpětnou dopravu nákladu na zem, opravářské lety a pod. No, mám pocit, že to všechno byly spíš taháky pro investora. Nicméně vojáci této schopnosti asi využívali. Kdo ví.
Jste mladý, ambiciózní, šikovný muž. Už jen tím, že vzniklo rozhodnutí zveřejnit stať "Hysterie veřejnosti a rizika dobývání vesmíru" se pouštíte na tenký led. Sám jste podlehl mediální hysterii. Přešel jste do role žurnalistického kritika, která Vám nepřísluší, chcete-li být technikem. Jakýkoliv prostředek vedoucí k vyšší bezpečnosti, tedy i takový, na kterém se živí novináři, je dobrý, vede-li k zachování života. Až uvidíte smrt z blízka, bude Vám to zřejmé.
[5] Určitě jsem se pustil na tenký led a bylo to mým záměrem. Nezpochybňuji to, že bychom se měli snažit o co nejvyšší bezpečnost raketoplánů a jakýchkoliv kosmických dopravních prostředků. Ale dobývání čehokoliv je spojeno s rizikem. Kladu si právě otázku, zda lety raketoplánu máme považovat spíš za dobývání vesmíru nebo za bezproblémové cestování autobusem. Vždy existuje riziko, ale např. skialpinisti podstupují mnohem vyšší riziko než cestující v autobusu; a přesto sjíždějí z hor stále znova, i když znají případy těch, kteří to nepřežili.
Raketoplány jsou možná megalomanský projekt, z původně plánovaného multiprojektu nakonec zbyl jen jediný model (orbiter + ET + 2x SRB), starty jsou dražší než u obyčejných raket a předstartovní přípravy jsou velmi náročné. Co ale raketoplánům nikdo neupře a kvůli čemu budou v dalších letech chybět je schopnost nejen vynášet hodně věcí nahoru, ale hlavně a především - donést náklad z oběžné dráhy zpátky na Zemi. Je škoda, že program STS končí.
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